Afsteltips

Pre Trimming Configuration
	TO TEST FOR	TEST PROCEDURE	OBSERVATIONS	ADJUSTMENTS
	1.  Control Neutrals	Fly the model straight and level	Use Transmitter trims for hands	Adjust clevises to center
			off straight and level flight	Transmitter trims
	2.  Control Throws	Fly model and apply full	Check response of each control	Aileron :- Hi-rate, 3 rolls in 3 to 4
		deflection of each control in		seconds. Lo-rate, 3 rolls in 6
		turn		seconds
				Elevator :- Hi-rate to give a
				smooth square corner, Lo-rate
				to give a loop of approximately
				130 feet diameter
				Rudder :- Hi-rate approximately
				30-35 degrees, for stall turns,
				Lo-rate to maintain knife edge
				flight.
	3.  Centre of Gravity (Method 1)	Roll model into a near	A.  Nose drops	A.  Add weight to tail
		vertically banked turn	B.  Tail drops	B.  Add weight to nose
	(Method 2)	Roll model inverted	A.  Lots of down elevator	A.  Add weight to tail
			required to maintain level flight
			B.  No down elevator required	B.  Add weight to nose
			to maintain level flight, or
			model climbs
	4.  Decalage	Power off vertical dive, cross	A.  Model continues straight down	A.  No adjustment required
		wind (if any). Release controls
		when model is vertical,	B.  Model starts to pull out,	B.  Reduce incidence
		(elevator must be neutral).	(nose up).
			C.  Model starts to tuck in,	C.  Increase incidence
			(nose down).
	5.  Tip Weight (course	Fly the model straight and level,	A.  Model does not drop a wing	A.  No adjustment required
	adjustment)	upright. Check aileron trim	B.  The left wing drops	B.  Add weight to right tip
		maintains wings level. Roll the	C.  The right wing drops	C.  Add weight to left tip
		model inverted, wings level.
		Release aileron stick
	6.  Elevator Alignment. (for	Fly model away from you and	A.  No rolling tendency when	A.  Elevators in correct
	models with independent elevator	into any wind. Pull it into an inside	elevator applied	alignment
	Halves)	loop or vertical climb, roll it inverted	B.  Model rolls in same	B.  Elevator halves misaligned.
		and repeat by pushing it into an	direction in both tests	Either raise one half or lower
		outside loop or vertical climb		the other
			C.  Model rolls in opposite	C.  One elevator half has more
			directions in both tests	throw that the other, (the model
				rolls to the side with the most
				throw). Reduce throw on side
				with the most throw or increase
				throw on the other
Trimming starts here in earnest
	1. Tip Weight (Final adjustment)	Fly the model high into the wind	A. Neither wing drops on pulling	A.  No adjustment required
		either coming towards you or	out.
		or going away from you, smoothly
		push the model into a vertical	B. The right wing drops on pulling	B. Add weight to the left wing
		dive, pull out sharply and watch	out.	tip.
		for a wing dropping.
			C. The left wing drops on pulling	C. Add weight to the right wing
			out	tip
	2. Dihedral	Fly the model straight and level	A. The model does not roll.	A.  No adjustment required
		into any wind, apply rudder and
		watch for any tendency for the	B. The model rolls in the direction	B. Reduce dihedral
		model to roll.	of the applied rudder. (Proverse
		a. Test in both directions.	roll)
		b. Make changes in increments
		of no more than 1/8" at a time	C. The model rolls in the opposite	C. Increase Dihedral
		c. Don't worry about the noes	direction to the applied rudder
		pitching down or up.	(Adverse roll)
	3.  Side Thrust	Fly the model away from you,	A.  Model continues straight up	A.  No adjustment required
	(During tests re-trim with rudder	into any wind. Pull it smoothly	B.  Model veers left	B.  Add right thrust
	until a straight vertical is achieved,	into a vertical climb going at	C.  Model veers right	C.  Reduce right thrust
	then add side thrust to the value of	least to normal maneuver height
	half the rudder trim that was	(watch for deviations to the left
	needed. Zero the rudder trim)	or right as it slows down)
	(Go back and re-test after
	adjusting)
	4.  Up/Down Thrust	Fly the model cross wind, at a	A.  Model continues straight up	A.  No adjustment required
		distance of around 100m from	B.  Model pitches up, (goes	B.  Add down thrust
		you, (elevator trim should be	towards the top of the model)
		neutral as per test No 3), pull	C.  Model pitches down, (goes	C.  Reduce down thrust
		it into a vertical climb and	toward the bottom of the model)
		neutralize the elevator, (watch
		for any deviations up or down
		as it slows down)
	5. Aileron Differential	Fly the model level and into	A. The model does not veer	A.  No adjustment required
	(Set the model up with 12 Degrees	any wind, going away from	sideways.
	up and 11 to 12 Degrees down	yourself. Pull it up into a
	as a starting point.)	45 Degree climb and roll to	B. The model's path veers to the	B. Increase differential, increase
		the right.	right.	the up throw on both ailerons
		(After adjusting, try again
		in both dircetions)	C. The model's path veers to the	C. Decrease differential, increase
			left.	the down throw on both ailerons.
	6.  Pitching in knife-edge flight	Fly the model on a normal pass	A.  There is no pitch up or down	A.  No adjustment required
	(Method 1)	and roll into knike-edge flight,	B.  The nose pitches up, (the	B.  Alternative cures :-
		maintain height with top rudder,	model climbs laterally)	1.  Move the C of G aft
		(do this test in both left and		2.  Increase wing incidence
		right knife-edge flight)		3.  Add down trim to ailerons
			C.  The nose pitches down, (the	C.  Reverse the above
			model dives laterally)
	6a. Knife-edge tracking	Fly the model on a normal pass	A. The model does not pitch	A.  No adjustment required
	(Method 2)	and roll into knike-edge flight,	up or down
		maintain height with top rudder,
		(do this test in both left and	B. The model pitches to the canopy	B. Lower both Ailerons slightly
		right knife-edge flight)	in both knife-edges.	Approximately 2 turns
			C. The model pitches to it's bottom	C. Raise both Ailerons slightly
			in both knife-edges	approximately 2 turns
			D. The model pitches in opposite	D. Use mixing from rudder to
			directions in each kinfe-edge	elevator to fix the problem.
	7. Power off Tracking (Test #1)	Fly the model level into any	A. No roll to either side	A.  No adjustment required
		wind, pull the power off and
		watch for any roll off to either	B. The model rolls left	B. Mix 2% to 3% right aileron
		side		to low throttle, the amount
				enough to neutralize the roll.
			C. The model rolls right	C. Mix 2% to 3% left aileron
				to low throttle, the amount
				enough to neutralize the roll.
	Test #2	Fly the model high at a distance	A.  The model shown no	A.  No adjustment required
		of approximately 100m into or	tendency to roll
		across wind but sideways to	B.  The model rolls to it's left	B.  Mix some right aileron
		yourself, push it into a vertical		to low throttle, the amount
		dive, watch for any tendency		enough to neutralize the roll
		to roll whilst in the dive.
			C.  The model rolls to it's right	C.  Mix some left aileron
				to low throttle, the amount
				enough to neutralize the roll
	Test #3	Fly the model high at a distance	A. There is no pitching, the model	A.  No adjustment required
		of approximately 100m across	continues straight down
		any wind but sideways to
		yourself, push it into a vertical	B. The model pitches up, towards	B. Mix 2% to 3% down elevator
		dive, watch for any tendency	the canopy.	to low throttle
		to pitch up or down whilst
		in the dive.	C. The model pitches down	C. Mix 2% to 3% up elevator
			towards the bottom of the model	to low throttle.
	NOTES:-  !.  Trimming must be done in calm conditions.  2.  Abbreviations are used.  3.  Make multiple tests before
	making adjustments.  4.  If any changes are made, go back over previous steps and verify or readjust as necessary
	5. A good Decalage starting point is 0 Deg.. Wing, 0 Deg.. Stab, 1.5 Deg. Downthrust & 1.5 Deg. Right thrust
	6. The model should be perfectly aligned whilst it was being constructed. 7. Static balance the model prior to flying it.
	8. Setting the C of G to between 34% and 38% of the MAC is a good starting point. 9. All vertical dives are power off.
	10. Setting up the model with 12 Degrees up Aileron and between 11 and 12 Degrees down is a good starting point.

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This site was last updated 10/26/04